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The influence of the specific energy, service life, resource on relative cost decreasing of the chemical power sources is considered.

Having analyzed the energy balance of the thermal runaway it was shown that the thermal runaway is not due to an external source of current but due to powerful internal self-accelerating exothermal reaction. And this reaction takes place in quite accidental spots of the electrode starting from a point and spreading radially like in the process of burning.

Our experience of the design and application of power sources based on various electrochemical systems for surface and rocket-borne power systems of modern and promising rocket-space vehicles, submarine vehicles, electronic hardware, and other objects with high specific requirements to power sources is presented.

In the paper are presented results of studies and design of air-aluminum chemical power sources carried out jointly by Moscow Aircraft Institute and AltEn Corp.; several fields of effective application of these power sources are listed, a technological scheme of reaction product utilization and waste electrolyte regeneration is shown.

The article is devoted to the analisis of the reasons a sharp decrease in manufacturing Ni-Fe storage sells for traction purposes in Russia. The possible ways of improvement of production technology are offered to revive the industrial production of these storage sells as ecologically pure chemical sources current.

The reasons of decrease in capacity of fithium-thionyl chloride elements after long storage are considered. It is shown the discharge voltage reduction after storage is caused not only by passivation of a lithium electrode but also by passivation of a carbon electrode. The assumption is proved that passivation of the carbon electrode is caused by formation of a layer of reactions products, which proceed in local galvanic pairs «a collector of a current – an electrode material».

The gravimetric and barodynamic methods were used to investigate the effect of ratio of active masses on efficiency of internal oxygen cycle.

In order to attain a higher chemical stability of materials for separators of electrochemical power sources the effect of substitution of B-sublattice was investigated for perovskite-type oxide Li_3xLa_2/3-x?_1/3–2xTiO₃ with x=0,13. The homogeneous region of the solid solutions was 10 mol.% ZrO₂. Transport properties of lithium ion conductors in the system Li_0.39La_0.53?_0.08Ti_1-yZr_yO₃ (y = 0-1) were investigated.

Results of X-ray and electrochemical analyses of properties of the Ti-Zr-Ni powders obtained by the volumetric electric-spark dispersion method in water, alcohol, kerosene, liquid nitrogen and liquid argon are represented. An influence of the working liquids and parameters of discharge pulses on the chemical composition, phase-structural state, electrochemical characteristics and electrical capacity of the obtained powders are considered.

It is a review of foreign periodical literature on perspective anode materials for lithium-ion and lithium-polymer batteries. The submitted data concern mainly to the period 1998-2003 The published data on lithium-accumulating composites alternative to traditional carbon systems are analyzed. Merits and demerits of electrodes made of tin oxides, tin, antimony, copper and iron intermetallides. as well as boron-, nitrogen- and silicon – containing anode materials are discussed