-

Poly(5-vinyl-2-methylpyridine) sulfurized with elemental sulfur at 140-320°C (sulfur content up to 45%) possess electric conductivity (6.4·10^-11-1.6·10^-7 S/cm), paramagnetism 6.2·10¹⁸–5.0·10¹⁹ sp/g, g = 2.0043-2.0046, AH = 0.49-0.58 mT), redox and complex-forming properties.

The researches of behaviour of electrochemical systems organized by a method of direct contact of the Li-anode and a polymeric composite, including co-polymer polyacrylonitrile and organic semiconductor representing salt of thiopyrily with ClO₄^- and SnCl₆^2- anions are carried out. The basic electrochemical parameters of researched systems are determined.

The thermodynamic simulation of equilibriums in the system O₂ + СO₂ gas mixture – molten alkali carbonates has been performed. Two schemes were proposed to calculate the chemical equilibriums: CO₃^2- = О^2- + CO₂, O₂^2- = O₂^2- + 1/2O₂, 2O₂^- = О^2- + 3/2O₂.

It has been established experimentally that during the thermal runaway a approximately ten times less of hydrogen is given off from sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators than from not sealed accumulators of the same capacity and same type of electrodes. Through the thermal decomposition it was shown that in electrodes of sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators having long periods of operation there is a great amount of hydrogen. However a approximately ten times less of hydrogen is given off from sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators than from not sealed accumulators.

Discharge capacity of the synthesized by the authors electrolytic iron sulfides with the structure of Fe₃S₄, FeS in the models of lithium power sources with the gel electrolytes based on polyvinylchloride, lithium salts of LiClO₄, LiCF₃SO₃ or LiN(CF₃SO₂)₂ and propylene carbonate (PC) plasticizer is 240–300 mA·h.g^–1 at cycling within the 2.8–1.1V range that is similar to the values reached in liquid-phase PC (LiClO₄) electrolyte.

The influence of the specific energy, service life, resource on relative cost decreasing of the chemical power sources is considered.

The automatic module device for cycling in galvanostatic regime with a wide range of charge/discharge current and measuring signals from electrochemical cells is developed. The software allowing governing the cycling processes and providing friendly interactive interface is written.

Through the thermal decomposition it was shown that in electrodes of nickel-cadmium accumulators having long periods of operation there is a great amount of hydrogen. For example, in the accumulator НКБН-25-УЗ having a five year's period of operation there are approximately 805 litres of hydrogen.

The system Li/1M LiBF₄ in γ-butyrolactone/Вi₂Se₃ <1%Си> is firstly investigated by the impedance spectroscopy method. The measured impedance spectra as a function of the depth of discharge and temperature are presented. Modeling the experimental data was carried out on the basis of different equivalent circuits and their acceptance is estimated. We have determined the parameters of the circuits' elements and found the coefficients describing the electrode reactions and interfaces.

The structural model of the alkaline accumulator based on the well-known empirical dependences describing the accumulator discharge was suggested. It was shown that to describe the discharge curves correctly together with the basic current producing chemical reaction there must be a parallel chemical reaction that results in an unstable phase of small capacity.