-

The influence of mechanical activation (MA) and initial reagents on the synthesis, structure and electrochemical performance of LiNiO₂, LiNi_1-xAl_xO₂, LiNi_1-yСо_yO₂ and LiNi_1-y-xCo_yAl_xO₂ (y = 0.2; 0.3; x = 0.05) was studied. NiO, α- and β-modification of hydroxides Ni(OH)₂ и Ni_1-y, as well as LiOH и Li₂CO₃ were used.

The properties of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries prepared via mechanical activation have been investigated. It was shown that as prepared materials are characterized by submicron particle size and by structural disordering.

Lithium-ionic batteries, equipped with system of control and defense, were manufactured. Charging and recharging features of batteries with voltage rating 28 V were investigated, as well as performance of single high capacity cells during their operation in battery'.

The system Li/1M LiBF₄ in γ-butyrolactone/Вi₂Se₃ is firstly investigated by the impedance spectroscopy method. The measured impedance spectra as a function of the depth of discharge and temperature are presented. Modeling the experimental data was carried out on the basis of different equivalent circuits and their acceptance is estimated. We have determined the parameters of the circuits' elements and found the coefficients describing the electrode reactions and interfaces.

The structural model of the alkaline accumulator based on the well-known empirical dependences describing the accumulator discharge was suggested. It was shown that to describe the discharge curves correctly together with the basic current producing chemical reaction there must be a parallel chemical reaction that results in an unstable phase of small capacity.

A structural model of the alkaline accumulator that takes into account self-discharging is suggested from which all the well-known empirical dependences were obtained. It was shown that the existing empirical dependences describing the process of self-discharging in alkaline accumulators don't contradict one another but supplement each other as they are true, each in its interval of discharging time.

Problems of using fuel cells as both electric and heat energy sources are reviewed. Such "hybrid" fuel cells possess enhanced net efficiency up to 90%. Some examples of fuel cells sets use in dwelling from small cottages up to multi-storey hotels are presented.

-

It has been established experimentally that during the thermal runaway a approximately ten times less of hydrogen is given off from sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators than from not sealed accumulators of the same capacity and same type of electrodes. Through the thermal decomposition it was shown that in electrodes of sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators having long periods of operation there is a great amount of hydrogen. However a approximately ten times less of hydrogen is given off from sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators than from not sealed accumulators.

Discharge capacity of the synthesized by the authors electrolytic iron sulfides with the structure of Fe₃S₄, FeS in the models of lithium power sources with the gel electrolytes based on polyvinylchloride, lithium salts of LiClO₄, LiCF₃SO₃ or LiN(CF₃SO₂)₂ and propylene carbonate (PC) plasticizer is 240–300 mA·h.g^–1 at cycling within the 2.8–1.1V range that is similar to the values reached in liquid-phase PC (LiClO₄) electrolyte.