Щелочные аккумуляторы

The roll moulding of fillets from granules of an active mass impregnated with a liquid, and their consequent roll forming on- tape current collector is considered. The mathematical model of accounts of linear and angular velocities of rollers, taking into account a forward creep, backward creep and shrinkage of fillets is offered.

The possible mechanisms of cadmium shunting in nickel-cadmium batteries are analyzed. The transfer of the negative elektrode active mass to the interelectrode gap is shown to be the main cause leading to a short circuit. The complete or partial cathodic reduction of this mass results in the separator loosing its insulating ability and in an internal short circuit.

In the review devoted to centenary of Nickel-Zinc rechargeable cell, the following steps of its development are examined. The first step (1900-1970) includes the works in the field of selection of the rational manufacturing technology and the cell design for the possible fields of application and solution of the problems appeared at the joint functioning of zinc and nickel oxide plates.

The possibility for using of polyaniline (PAN) is investigated as the catalyst for oxygen reduction in Air – Metal batteries with Zn, Al and Mg anodes. The achieved characteristics of systems "O₂(PAN)-Zn" and "O₂(PAN)-Mg" allow one to consider their as the perspective systems for substitution of existing MnO₂-Zn and air – metal batteries in some fields of practical application.

A modem state of the batteries with the air electrodes is analysed. The problems of the oxygen reduction from an air and main ways of their solution are discussed. The primary air-Zn batteries types, their problems and solutions and application spheres are reported. The parameters of the mechanically rechargeable batteries with Zn and Al anodes are considered. The problems of the air and zinc electrically rechargeable electrodes and ways of their solution are discussed. The air-iron, air-zinc and air-metalhydride batteries parameters are reported.

Effect of polymer binder nature of positive electrodes on the Li-S batteries cycling was studied. It is shown that the sulfur electrodes with «active» hinders have better performance than sulfur electrodes with «inert» binder. The application of «active» binders allows improving the charge-discharge performance of sulfur electrodes and increasing the cycling life of lithium-sulfur batteries.

The rise of discharge voltage was determined when using the starter regime of acid accumulator battery with the decrease of separator resistance.

The possibility of accounting of asymmetrical alternating current of different frequency total internal resistance of standby lead-acid cell is described.

A research of parameters of battery formation process and characteristics of lead-acid starter batteries is carried out. It is determined that use of water cooling of batteries and pulse current of higher density reduces duration of battery formation up to 2.5 times and decreases power consumption and gassing from the batteries. Electrical characteristics of formed batteries have been improved, their lifetime and vibration resistance have leinained without degradation.

Influence of preliminary anodic processing of aluminium in the aqueous phosphate solutions at wide range of concentrations and of potential sweep rates at the kinetics of cathodic incorporation of lanthanum and lithium from the solutions of their salts at the aprotic organic solvents was studied. Dependence of quantity of incorporated lithium at the La-Al_p electrode with phosphoric flint from the time of phosphate processing was detennined.