Щелочные аккумуляторы

Approach to the choice of charge termination criterion of nickel-cadmium accumulators forming cycles is described. The results of accumulators' physical models forming, using chosen criterion are represented. The research shows the effectiveness of prolonged – before voltage regulation – charges during nickel-cadmium accumulators capacity forming due to the considerable decrease in the number of charge-discharge forming cycles and improvement of their discharge characteristics.

Comparative results of the tests of the sealed nickel-cadmium batteries for capacity safety during long-term storage after charging with direct and asymmetric currents are represented. Charging with asymmetric current was carried out in an accelerated manner at average value of the charging current equal to 0.8Crated. Charging with direct current was carried out at average value of the charging current equal to 0. lCrated in accordance with Technical Conditions.

The research results of the sealed nickel-cadmium storage batteries reliability at the rapid charge with asymmetric current are represented. In accordance with the reliability theory postulates, the experimental data of the resource test in the mode of the storage batteries 10NKGZ-1,8-1, 10NKGZ-3,5-l, 10NKGZ-4 cycling.

Work of running double-chamber electrochemical reactor is investigational for an electrosynthesis Ni(OH)2. It is shown that the basic parameter of the mode is a relative current is attitude of current of I toward the theoretical equivalent current of I*, at that fully initial reagents are expended in a reactor. Mode of I/I* = 1 differentiates two areas (I < I* and I > I*) with salutatory and like changing physical and chemical and electrochemical properties Ni(OH)2.

Optimized methods of synthesis and modification of high efficient electrocatalysts for alkaline electrolysers have been described. The results of new electrocatalyst characterization by means of some physico-chemical methods are presented.

Хроника

Comparison of asymmetric current parameters influence on nickel-cadmium accumulators forming time is performed. According to the results of capacity forming of NKM-22 accumulators with thin pressed cadmium and metal-ceramic electrodes, the perspective of application of asymmetric current with parameters chosen during experiments and used in this paper is established. Waveforms giving the biggest increase of capacity comply with the most economical parameters defined om models during experiments.

It is shown from analysis of charging current and voltage change on the terminals of sealed Ni-Cd battery at thermal runaway, that thermal runaway is accompanied by a new high-power electrochemical reaction, going at battery voltage of approximately 0.55 V.

For nickel-cadmium batteries of stationary application, a global empiric correlation C(i) describing the dependency of released capacitance by the batteries at different discharge currents was suggested, which is true for batteries of any capacitance and any mode of discharge (H, M, L). The global correlation C(i) can be described by generalized Peukert's equation, Korovin-Skundin's equation, probability integral, and porous electrode equation with accuracy sufficient for practical application.

The comparative results of nickel cadmium storage batteries capacity regeneration with asymmetrical and direct currents after their exploitation on the electric locomotives in the conditions of constant floating with current impulses are represented. The capacity regeneration with asymmetrical current was carried out rapidly, the battery was restored with charging capacity numerically equal to 1.2C_nom.