Щелочные аккумуляторы

A study of the porous structure and discharge characteristics of electrochemically impregnated nickel oxide electrodes based on nickel- ized graphitized felt«Voilocarb-22» is conducted. It is shown that the developed technology of nickel oxide electrodes fabrication that involves such operations as nickel plating of the substrate, electrochemical impregnation, electrode formation and pressing allows forming polydisperse structured electrode active material with pore sizes ranging from 0.01 pm to 100 pm.

We have studied the influence of brighteners used in zinc electroplating on the characteristics of zinc powder, which produced in the manufacture of electrolytic zinc electrode. Their effect was determine on the cathodic process, the nature of spongy zinc deposits, corrosion of the zinc electrode and capacity characteristics with intense discharge in a nickel-zinc accumulator.

Aluminum is one of the most energy-intensive materials, which is the base for the air-aluminum electrochemical generators (AA ECG) with a specific energy of 300 W·h/kg. Such generators can be considered as a promising source of energy for electric vehicle due to their advantages such as high energy, the possibility of organizing a closed cycle of aluminum production and use of heat generated by the AA ECG for heating the interior of the electric vehicle.

Our test results of nickel-cadmium FKM mock-up batteries with metal-felt nickel-oxide electrodes are presented. The discharge characteristics of the tested mock-up batteries with nickel-oxide electrodes made on the carbon-graphite felt basis are shown to exceed virtually all relevant requirements of Russian Railway Industry Standards. The high cyclability of these batteries was established: reduction of the discharge capacity lower than the nominal value was observed after 3100 cycles.

УДК 541.136

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2016-16-2-62-76

The work is devoted to the development of methods for input and current monitoring of the active mass components of electrophoretic cadmium electrodes in order to improve the stability of the discharge characteristics of nickel-cadmium batteries of the NKM series.

The use of heat of low-temperature sources dissipated into the environment for the production of useful energy is an urgent scientific and technical task. The article discusses the electrochemical principle of collecting the heat of low potential sources (temperature less than 100°C) and converting it into electricity using a thermoelectrochemical cell based on complex salts of potassium ferri/ferrocyanide redox electrolyte. The efficiency of converting low-grade heat into useful energy in the studied cell type largely depends on the electrolyte concentration.

It is experimentally established that the use of Ni-Zn batteries as positive oxide-Ni electrodes of metal-cell electrodes on porous polymer bases leads to a significant decrease in their capacity. Reduce zincate poisoning of positive electrodes of this type is possible with the introduction of cobalt hydroxide into the active substance. Various methods of introducing an activating additive into the active mass of the electrode have been studied.

The paper presents the results of the study of phase composition and electrochemical performance of lithium-manganese oxide spinel with excess lithium of nominal composition of Li_{1 + x}Mn₂O₄ obtained by solid-phase method. It was established that samples with x = 0.1 and 0.2 were composite materials with LiMn₂O₄ being the basic phase and Li₂MnO₃ being the impurity (3 and 7 mas.%, respectively) also comprising trace amounts of MnO₂.

This paper is the conclusion to the series of the articles devoted to the problem of accelerated charging of a lead-acid battery. In this paper we investigated the possibility of increasing the charge efficiency by applying the asymmetric current at the second stage. In addition, the effect of using admissible charging rates on the resource, the admissible number of consecutive cycles, and gas release were studied.

The energetic properties of the new composite electrode materials suitable for electrochemical capacitors were investigated. Composite electrodes were made using Norit A activated carbon and synthesized sparingly soluble copper salts such as copper iodide(I) and hexacyanoferrates (II), etc. (III). The composition of the salts was confirmed by elemental analysis and the particle size was determined by the Scherrer equation using the data of X­-ray phase analysis.