Литиевые электрохимические системы

The influence of the specific energy, service life, resource on relative cost decreasing of the chemical power sources is considered.

The analysis of existing methods of measurement of internal resistance of chemical current sources (CCS) was carried out. Their shortcomings were noted. The method of measurement of full internal resistance the CCS based on the analysis of transient characteristics of a charge from it of the condenser of known capacity is considered.

Electric circuit of substitution of metal-ceramic oxide-nickel electrode pore that allows to make computer simulation of current distribution in the pore depth during asymmetrical current polarization and simulation results are given. The range of asymmetrical current parameters chosen due to the simulation results provides required current distribution in the pore depth with minimum cost of charging device that increases economic force of attraction of processing method implementation during manufacturing and exploitation of batteries with asymmetrical current.

The effect of some of factors on required power and energy supplying of lead-acid rechargeable battery during its exploitation in local electro energetic systems is considered.

Kinetic patterns of thin anodic films formation for Ti and Zr in organic mediums are investigated. Influence of solvent nature and polarization is discussed by role surface complex consideration in oxide films growth on this metals.

The effect of different lithium salts on the lithium behavior – cyclic cathode deposition and anodic dissolution – (cycling life) on stainless steel in sulfolane electrolytes is studied. It is shown that the overvoltage of electrode processes decreases in series LiBF₄ > LiCF₃SO₃ > LiClO₄ > Li₂S_n. Maximum coulomb efficiency and cycling life of lithium are obtained in lithium polysulfides electrolyte solution.

Techniques of synthesis of high-effective nanostructured electrocatalysts for electrochemical systems with proton-exchange membrane (PEM) are described, their structural and electrochemical properties are investigated. Current-voltage curves of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA) on the basis of synthesized electrocatalysts within PEM fuel cell, water electrolyser and reversible cell are obtained.

Methods of synthesis were developed; nanosize two- and three-component Ru-based cathode catalysts RuM/C and RuMSe/C (М – Ni, Co, Fe, V) supported on carbon XC-72 were synthesized and analyzed. The effect of different precursors, metal ratio, synthesis conditions, and nature of the Fe-group metal on the catalytic system activity in the oxygen reduction reaction is studied. The studies were performed using the method of the rotating disk electrode (RDE) in 0.5M H₂SO₄ and at the temperature of 60°C.

The method of a rotating disk electrode leads studying the basic laws of electrochemical behaviour of mediator as basic electroactive component of bioelectrochemical system and influence of speed of rotation of an electrode, concentration of mediator, glucose and microbial cells are certain for the general speed of process bioelectrocatalitic oxidation of glucose.

The influence of the concentration of antimony, tin, cadmium, calcium, silver, and barium on some characteristics of lead-antimony and lead-calcium alloys was studied. The cadmium-doped and barium-doped alloys show the best corrosion resistance among the lead-antimony and lead-calcium alloys, respectively.