Литиевые электрохимические системы

Cell with electrochemical system «lithium – fluorinated carbon» intended for electrical pacemakers have been developed. Their significant advantages over traditional lithium – iodine cells for pacemakers are shown. Discharges characteristics, a shelf-life, and reliability, as well as an effect of various additives in fluorinated carbon cathode on discharge characteristics have been studied.

The electrode behavior of various fluorinated graphite materials and different conductive additives in various electrolytes are studied. Fluorocarbon materials based on graphite fibers are shown to have the best discharge characteristics. The advantage of thin cathodes based on fluorinated nanomaterials with a solid polymer electrolyte in comparison with the similar electrodes with traditional fluorocarbon active material is demonstrated. The use of fluorinated nanomaterials results in increased discharge characteristics of the cells.

Possibility of ultradispersed TiO₂2 (anatase modification) using as the base of the lithium power sources cathode material obtained by chloride-acid hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride has been studied. The researches of Li+ ions electrochemical intercalation kinetics and phasic model of the process was suggested. The cathode material phase composition changes during discharge were fixed and interpreted.

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In modem technological processes increase used molten multicomponent solt mixtures. Determination of the composition and melting temperature are important in application of the compositions, identification of patterns processes occurring during melting and solidification of alloys, as well as the phases in equilibrium at a given thermodynamic conditions, possibly in the study of phase diagrams.

The corrosion and electrochemical behavior of magnesium and the MA 21 magnesium-lithium alloys in solutions of moderately acidic phosphates with various additives was studied. The inhibiting effect of nitrate and fluoride ions on the anode dissolution of these objects was revealed. Features of the electrochemical dissolution of magnesium and the magnesium-lithium alloys in nitrate phosphate solutions with fluoride ions caused by their activation-passivation competition have been noted.

Possibilities for increasing efficiency of impedance spectral measurements are investigated. It is shown that for determination of linear electrochemical impedance a linearly changing input signal is preferable, and for the quantitative estimation of non-linearity of electrochemical impedance as an input signal it is expedient to use the cosine electric beats. The constructive diagrams of generators of such signals are offered.

In article experience of application of chemical sources of a current of electrochemical system lithium – tionilchloride and batteries on their basis, in onboard systems of electrosupply of modern and perspective space-rocket technics of Russia is presented.

This message was transferred with a trial version of CommuniGate(r) Pro* First pilot samples of composite sheetings based on various metallic matrixes (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni) and ceramic fillers ((Al₂O₃, Cr₂O₃, MnO₂, Fe₃O₄, NiO, AlN etc.) were obtained by means of the reverse galvanostatic technique.

It is has been shown that the generalized Peukert equation gives the best result when calculating the capacity given by sealed nickel-cadmium accumulators at different discharging currents.