Электрохимические конденсаторы

The review of modern scientific and technical literature on supercapacitors produced by industrial companies is presented. The advantages of supercapacitors compared to batteries are: high power density, high cycleability, the ability to operate at extreme temperatures from –50 to +60°C, energy efficiency up to 100% and the ability to charge in a very short time.

The electrical and chemical characteristics of nanocomposite materials based on carbon black for double-layer supercapacitors were investigated. It was shown that the highest values of the specific capacitive characteristics were obtained for carbon material SP4 which has the largest specific surface area (total capacity 228 F/g, reversible capacity 162 F/g).

Международная специализированная выставка
«Автономные источники тока – 2023»
Дата проведения: 10–12 апреля 2023
Место проведения: г. Москва, ул. Новый Арбат, д. 36, фойе БКЗ здания Правительства
Москвы.
Время работы выставки:
10–11 апреля 2023 10.00–17.00
12 апреля 2023 10.00–12.00
Организатор: Национальная ассоциация производителей источников тока «РУСБАТ»

The electrochemical and electrophysical properties of basic and protonated potassium titanates in contact with the graphite electrodes were studied using the method of impedance spectroscopy. The characteristics of potassium titanates are given depending on the methods of modification and on the methods of their processing. The activation energies for some compositions were determined.

The new materials obtained in the potassium polytitanate (PPT)–MnSO₄ system by modifying PPT in aqueous solutions of manganese sulfate of various concentrations, followed by thermal treatment and annealing at 1080°C, were synthesized and studied. The phase composition of the obtained materials was determined. Their electrochemical and electrophysical properties in the temperature range from 250 to 700°C were studied.

The electrochemical and electrophysical properties of the protonated and modified with silver iodide potassium titanates, which can be applied in energy storage units, have been investigated by impedance spectroscopy. It has been shown that the dielectric losses at medium and high frequencies are weakly dependent on the polarizing voltage. It has also been established that transfer in modified potassium titanate can be made through potassium and silver ions.

Poly(5-vinyl-2-methylpyridine) sulfurized with elemental sulfur at 140-320°C (sulfur content up to 45%) possess electric conductivity (6.4·10^-11-1.6·10^-7 S/cm), paramagnetism 6.2·10¹⁸–5.0·10¹⁹ sp/g, g = 2.0043-2.0046, AH = 0.49-0.58 mT), redox and complex-forming properties.

The automatic module device for cycling in galvanostatic regime with a wide range of charge/discharge current and measuring signals from electrochemical cells is developed. The software allowing governing the cycling processes and providing friendly interactive interface is written.

A hydrometallurgical processing of iron-cadmium masses extracted from the negative electrodes of used alkaline batteries was tested at the Leninsk-Kuznetsk Kuzbasselement plant (Kuzbasselement Ltd.) in trial scale. The technology proposed is capable of recycling cadmium (hydr)oxide and iron oxide, the main components of cathodic masses.

The ivestigations of the behaviour of electrochemical systems organized by direct contact of anode-alkaline metal Li and cathode-organic semiconductor selected from a number of thyopyran derivatives have been carried out. It has been found, that by the contact the transitional layer – electronic dielectric ensuring stable value of electromotive force and performing functions of a unipolar conductor on ions Li+ and in the electrical field is formed.