solid polymer electrolytes

The use of solid polymer electrolytes is a novel and promising approach for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. A number of publications on manufacturing electrolytes with lithium-ion and sodium-ion conductivity based on Nafion-like polymers have appeared in recent decade. The present mini-review analyses various methods of the synthesis of such electrolytes and their properties, as well as the information on laboratory lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries using such electrolytes.

The main roads of development in industrially useful solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are briefly reviewed. New SPEs based on acrylonitrile copolymers PBAN and PAN and lithium salts LiAsF₆, LiCF₃SO₃, LiCIO₄ have been obtained. The limits of salts solubility in polymer matrix PBAN were established. Ion solvation and ion association processes have been studied by IR spectroscopy. Conducting properties of SPEs were measured at 20-100°C.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2018-18-1-26-47

The critical analysis of literature of last 15 years, concerning solid polymer electrolytes with Na⁺-ion-conductivity is presented. True polymer electrolytes as well as gel-polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, PVdF–HFP, PMMA, Nafion are reviewed. Special attention is paid for temperature dependence of conductivity.