lead-acid battery

The electrochemical characteristics of the negative electrodes of the lead-acid battery with additives of carbon nanotubes and graphene were studied. It was shown that the highest values of the capacitive characteristics of the electrodes were obtained by adding carbon nanotubes to the negative active mass. The processes occurring on the negative electrode were studied by the method of impedance spectroscopy. Applying simulation, an equivalent electrical circuit was obtained, which adequately approximated the obtained frequency dependences.

Strategy of the accelerated mode of the charge of the lead-acid batteries, including constant current charge to 80% state-of-charge and a pulse charge to 100% is considered. Various modes one – and two-stage constant current charges are studied in this work, and the estimation of influence of these modes on effectiveness ratio of a charge and a heat-up of batteries is yielded. The data, which allows reasonably choose the mode of the first stage of the accelerated charge to 80% state-of-charge, are presented.

Strategy of the accelerated mode of the charge of the lead-acid batteries, including constant current charge to 80% state-of-charge and a pulse charge to 100% is considered. Influence of key parameters of a pulse charge (amplitude and duration of charge pulse, duration of a pause, the general duration of a pulse charge) on the efficiency of a charge and a heat-up of batteries are studied in this work.

Method and the resultsof measurementof the internalresistance ofbattery duringitschargeanddischarge are described.It was establishedthat the internal resistance ofthe batteryin operatingvoltage range is almost equallywhencharging and dischargingand does not dependon the current.

The influence of porous structure of the absorptive glass mats manufactured by «Hollingsworth&Vose» (thickness 2.8 mm) and BernardDumas» (thickness 3.0 mm), modified by impregnation with polymeric emulsions on the basis of polyvinylidene fluoride (KYNAR), polyvinylpyrrolidone copolymer with styrene (PVS) and polytetrafluoroethylene (Tf), on the efficiency of ionization of hydrogen in lead-acid battery mock-ups. The use of polymer modified emulsions separators from absorbtive glass mat allows to increase the ionization rate of hydrogen on lead-dioxide electrode.

УДК 541.135

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2016-16-2-77-87

The review deals with studies of the properties of lead alloys used to fabricate electrode grids of sealed lead-acid batteries.

One of the key steps to improve environmental situation is reducing pollutants released by automobiles. As of now, electric cars are the most commonly used type of eco-friendly vehicles. However, having a limited travel range they require an infrastructure system of charging stations to operate. Moreover, while electric vehicles don’t produce negative emissions directly they can still contribute to pollution if their energy is generated using fossil fuels.

The effect of carbon materials of two types was studied: multi-walled carbon nanotubes (“Art-nano” of the NSU “S” brand (TU BU 690654933.001.-2011)) and multilayer graphene (“Art-nano GT” (TU BU 691460594.004–2017), and modifications by treatment with ozone and dimethylformamide (manufacturer LLC Advanced Research and Technology, Belarus) on the structural characteristics, capacity and utilization of the active mass of the negative electrode of a lead-acid battery.