свинцово-кислотный аккумулятор

Lead-acid batteries exploitation possibility in pfrtial state of charge mode is demonstrated. Influence of this mode on chfracteristics of lead-acid batteries is studied. 

In this article was studied pressure influence in the electrode block of the model of the lead-acid accumulator on the most important physical properties (a specific surface, pore size distribution, compression properties, speed of capillary lifting of electrolyte) of absorbent glass mat separators of the trademarks «Hollingsworth» (USA) and "Bernard Dumas"(France) and on efficiency of an oxygen cycle. It is shown that the highest compression properties separators with a high specific surface (7-10 m2 /g) possess.

Influence of a suspension of particles of the positive active material (PAM) in electrolyte on operation of the negative plate of the lead-acid battery is studied. The significant increase in speed of corrosion of a lead plate in case of contact of particles of PAM with its surface that can lead to appearance macro-defects on lugs of the negative plates is demonstrated. 

The electrochemical characteristics of the negative electrodes of the lead-acid battery with additives of carbon nanotubes and graphene were studied. It was shown that the highest values of the capacitive characteristics of the electrodes were obtained by adding carbon nanotubes to the negative active mass. The processes occurring on the negative electrode were studied by the method of impedance spectroscopy. Applying simulation, an equivalent electrical circuit was obtained, which adequately approximated the obtained frequency dependences.

The paper discussed various ways of complex utilization oflead-containing scrap, including that from used lead storage batteries.

Study of low-antimony alloys Pb-(l,S-5-3,0)%Sb-(0,0-4-3,0)%Sn indicated that the comprehensive quality parameter combining mechanical, casting and corrosion properties of alloys depends on the sum of addition of antimony and tin, rather than their ratio in alloy. It was established that alloy Pb-2,5%Sb-3,0%Sn features the best quality parameter at the lowest content of antimony. Such alloy may be recommended for use in maintenance-free lead acid storage batteries.

The influence of various factors on separator ability to keep the initial uniform distribution of electrolyte has been investigated. The height and rate of capillary lift of the electrolyte in the glass-mat separator of a sealed lead-acid battery was investigated. Dependence of the height and rate of rise of sulfuric acid on its density and separator compression degree was established.

The properties of a contact corrosion layer (ККС), which appears on border of (preliminary oxidized) lead alloys with products of their anode oxidation and corrosion, were investigated by methods of impedance spectroscopy and on speed oxidation of ions Fe (II). It was found that the contact corrosion layers that appear on lead-antimony alloys have higher electronic conductivity. Alloying by tin and cadmium cause increase of conductivity contact corrosion layer (CCL) that appears on low-antimony lead alloys.

In this paper a new design of a container is detailed for sealed lead-acid battery operating overboard of a submersible vehicle in conditions of increased ambient pressure. Such a container is both a battery jar and a pressure compensator. It has been shown that a mandatory requirement for such container use is an application of a gelled-electrolyte. Authors have offered a two-stage technology of filling of accumulators without using vacuum pumping.

The possibility of the definition of leaden alloys deep-corrosion rate permitted to calculate parameters of stationary lead acid battery electrode is explained.