ISSN 1608-4039 (Print)
ISSN 1680-9505 (Online)

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Gubanova T. V., Garkushin I. K., Mikhalkina O. V. Search for low-melting functional electrolytes in a four-component reciprocal system Na⁺, Rb⁺, Cs⁺ || F⁻, NO₃⁻. Electrochemical Energetics, 2023, vol. 23, iss. 4, pp. 167-187. DOI: 10.18500/1608-4039-2023-23-4-167-187, EDN: TRXIMW

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Language: 
Russian
Heading: 
Primary batteries
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
544.015.3+544.018.4
DOI: 
10.18500/1608-4039-2023-23-4-167-187
EDN: 
TRXIMW

Search for low-melting functional electrolytes in a four-component reciprocal system Na⁺, Rb⁺, Cs⁺ || F⁻, NO₃⁻

Autors: 
Gubanova Tat'yana Valer'evna, Samara State Technical University
Garkushin Ivan Kirillovich, Samara State Technical University
Mikhalkina Olga Valer'evna, Samara State Technical University
Abstract: 

The division of the four-component reciprocal system Na+, Rb+, Cs+ || F−, NO3− into stable elements was carried out for the first time. The phase tree, confirmed by the experimental data from the differential thermal analysis, was constructed. The chemical interaction in a yet unexplored faceting element, i. e. in the three-component reciprocal system Na+, Cs+ || F−, NO3−, and in the four-component reciprocal system was studied. Phase equilibria in the three-component reciprocal system Na+, Cs+ || F−, NO3− and in the stable tetrahedron NaF-NaNO3-RbNO3-CsNO3 of the four-component reciprocal system Na+, Rb+, Cs+ || F−, NO3– were experimentally studied. The calculation-graphical method to predict the melting temperature in the stable elements of the four-component reciprocal system Na+, Rb+, Cs+ || F−, NO3− by describing the lower and the upper boundaries of properties according to the data of the one-, two- and three-component systems was used. The obtained compositions of eutectic alloys can be used as low-melting electrolytes for chemical cells, heat-storing materials, heat-storage mediums, melt-solvents of inorganic substances and as a reference material.

Key words: 
phase diagrams
ionic salt melts
three-component reciprocal system
invariant equilibrium
eutectic composition
differential thermal analysis
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Received: 
14.08.2023
Accepted: 
04.12.2023
Published: 
25.12.2023