Электролиты для химических источников тока

The effects of tin additions in the range 0.5–3.0 wt.% on mechanical and electrochemical properties of Pb-Sb alloy are investigatead.

The effects of selenium additions in the range 0.02–0.05 wt.% on mechanical and electrochemical properties of Pb-Sb alloy are investigatead.

Low-temperature test was held to determine the discharge characteristics of battery cells with the purpose to specify the requirements to electrode materials and electrolyte used in cylindrical nickel metal hydride battery cells of AA standard size that fit for work at negative temperatures.

Two materials based on V₂O₅ and PANI were compared in their behaviour in positive electrodes of lithium (lithium-ion) rechargeable batteries. Composite material consisted from mixture of nanostructured individual components whereas PANI was intercalated into interlayer space of V₂O₅ in the hybrid material. Both materials are shown to be able to reversibly insert lithium ions, initial capacity being almost the same (220–250 mA·h/g). Cycling stability of hybrid material was notable better than that of composite one.

New potassium solid electrolytes in the systems K 3-2x M x PO 4 (M = Mg, Zn) were synthesized and studied. The introduction of Mg₂₊ and Zn₂₊ cations leads to sharp increasing of K 3 PO 4 conductivity due to potassium vacancies formation and stabilization of high temperature cubic modification of orthophosphate. Maximum conductivity is observed at x ? 0.15–0.25 and is equal to (6–8)·10_-2 S·cm_-1 at 400°C, higher than 10_-1 S·cm_-1 at 700°C.

The effect of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF4) ionic liquids on the properties of the polymer electrolyte based on polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA) and LiBF4 salt was studied. Research was carried out by spray-mass spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique in the temperature range from -40 to 120 °C.

Concerning performance, safety, reliability and durability issues, the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) is probably the weakest cell component. Most performance losses and most accidents occurring during PEM water electrolysis are usually due to the MEA. The purpose of this article is to report on specific degradation mechanisms of the MEA and electrolyser in whole.

DOI: 10.18500/1608-4039-2015-15-4-180-195

The method of forming systems for search molten electrolyte chemical power sources, an example of studying some of the properties and composition of the electrolyte. Presents some test trains in real chemical current sources.

DOI: 10.18500/1608-4039-2015-15-4-149-159

УДК 544.6.018.4

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2016-16-4-155-195