Для цитирования:
Бурашникова М. М., Клюев В. В., Храмкова Т. С., Гриценко С. Д. Гибридные суперконденсаторы на основе водных электролитов // Электрохимическая энергетика. 2019. Т. 19, вып. 1. С. 3-36. DOI: 10.18500/1608-4039-2019-19-1-3-36, EDN: FSRHMZ
Гибридные суперконденсаторы на основе водных электролитов
Представлен обзор современной литературы по гибридным суперконденсаторам (гибридным устройствам) в кислотном и щелочном электролитах. Основные тенденции в разработке современных гибридных устройств «углерод/PbO2» в сернокислом электролите, направленные на повышении плотности энергии, мощности, циклической долговечности, состоят в использовании положительного электрода из высокоаморфного или наноструктурированного диоксида свинца (обычно в виде тонкой пленки, нанопроволоки). Кроме того, для повышения удельных характеристик предлагается использовать углеродную подложку для положительного электрода. В устройствах «углерод/PbO2» могут быть использованы альтернативные электролиты, такие как метансульфоновая кислота. В щелочном электролите используются гибридные устройства на основе активированного угля и оксида/гидроксида никеля в качестве отрицательного и положительного электродов соответственно. Исследования в основном были направлены на получение оксида никеля различными способами, на использование различных подложек для осаждения оксида металла, а также использование электродов, где никель в положительном электроде частично замещен кобальтом, марганцем или цинком. Альтернативно никель в электроде может быть полностью заменен наноструктурированным гидроксидом кобальта или оксидом висмута.
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